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GAS CHEMISTRY

Students should be able to:
1.    recall the composition of the gases in the atmosphere:
•    about 78% nitrogen;
•    ab|aut 21% oxygen;
•    about 0.03-0.04% carbon dioxide;
•    about 1% argon;
•    small proportions of other noble gases; and
•    varying proportions of water vapour;
 

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recall the physical properties of nitrogen and describe its lack of reactivity due to its triple covalent bond;

2.    demonstrate knowledge and understanding of using nitrogen as a coolant and in food packaging;

3.    demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the test for ammonia, using a glass rod dipped in concentrated hydrochloric acid, and recall the use of ammonia in the manufacture of fertilisers by its reaction with acids;

4.    describe the laboratory preparation and collection of hydrogen using zinc (or other suitable metal) and hydrochloric acid, and recall the physical properties of hydrogen and its uses, including weather balloons and hardening oils, and its potential as a clean fuel;

5.    describe the laboratory preparation and collection of oxygen by the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, and recall the physical properties of oxygen and its uses in medicine and welding;

6.    describe the reaction of carbon, sulfur, magnesium, iron and copper with oxygen and classify the products as acidic or basic; and

Describe the laboratory preparation and collection of carbon dioxide gas using calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid, and recall the uses of carbon dioxide in fizzy drinks and fire extinguishers

Investigate the chemical reactions of carbon dioxide with water producing carbonic acid and with calcium hydroxide (limewater) until carbon dioxide is in excess; 

Investigate the preparation, properties, tests and reactions of the gases hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide.

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